Hka htung ni hta cyanobacterial ni law law lang hkai ai hte grau sawng ai eutrophication byin wa ai majaw, hka hkamja lam hpe yu reng na matu madung arung arai ni hku nna, total phosphorus hka a hkamja lam hpe jep joi ai lam galaw ai ni gaw, hkrak tup sawk sagawn ai hpaji masa hku nna hka grup yin hpe makawp maga na matu hpaji masa sakse ni hpe jaw ya nga ai. Ndai jak ni gaw hka hta rawng ai phosphorus yawng hpe lawan ai hku chye lu ai sha n-ga, grup yin hpe yu reng ai, hka hpe jasan jaseng ai, hkai lu hkai sha ai lam ni hta galai shai n mai ai lit hpe gun hpai nna, hka shingra tara hpe makawp maga ai "smart sentinels" ni tai wa ai.
I. Magam bungli galaw ai atsam marai ni: Hkrang nsam tsaw ai hte hpaji rawng ai hpaji masa hpe hpawng de ai lam
Total phosphorus hka a hkamja lam hpe jep chyoi ai jak ni a madung akyu gaw, shanhte a hkam sha lam grai tsaw ai, lawan ai hku bai htang lu ai, tinang hkrai galaw lu ai atsam ni hta rai nga ai. Madung jak ni hta, nsam hpe jep chyoi ai ladat (ammonium molybdate nsam hpe jep chyoi ai zawn re ai) shing nrai, nsam hpe jep chyoi ai ladat hpe jai lang ma ai. Hka lum ai shara hta n-gun ja ai hka hpe garan shapraw ai hku nna, hka kata na organic hte n-organic phosphorus ni hpe mu lu ai orthophosphates ni de galai shai kau ya ai. Dai hpang, absorbance hpe masat da ai wavelength (700nm zawn re ai) hpe lang nna shadawn nna, hpang jahtum e, phosphorus yawng a n-gun hpe sawn la lu ai. Ga shadawn, laboratory arung arai ni gaw 0.01 mg/L daram sha mu lu ai shadawn sharam hpe lu la lu ai, nkau mi a kaji ai sensor ni gaw 0.001 mg/L hta pyi jan lu ai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai phosphorus n san seng ai lam hpe hkrak mu lu ai. Automation hte hpaji byeng-ya gaw, prat nnan na jak rung ni hta dan dawng ai lam ni rai nga ai. Ndai jak hta, hka n-gun rawng ai hka sample ni hpe hparan lu ai, lata hte galaw ai lam hpe shayawm ya lu ai, hka n-gun rawng ai hka sample ni hpe galaw lu ai, shi hkum shi hka ja ai module hpe bang da ai. Data hpe ka matsing da ai hte shapraw ai magam bungli ni gaw, aten dep-hkum tsup ai hku shinggyin la lu nna, computer de shapraw lu na matu madi shadaw ya ai majaw, aten galu-hpaji yu reng ai lam hte sawk sagawn ai lam hpe loi shangun ai. Nkau high-end model ni gaw COD hte ammonia nitrogen zawn re ai parameter law law hpe sawk sagawn ai module ni hpe mung hpawng de da nna, 40% daram shayawm nna, n-gun lang ai lam hpe 25% shayawm ya ai, "mashin langai, lang ai lam law law" hpe lu la ai. Dai hta n-ga, AI algorithms ni hpe jai lang ai gaw, dai jak gaw n kaja ai shiga ni hpe shi hkrai shi chye na lu shangun nna, yu reng ai lam hpe kam hpa mai ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya lu ai.
II. Tatut jai lang mai ai lam ni: Laboratory kaw nna hkai sun du hkra mabyin masa hpe tup hkrak-hkap la ai lam
1. grup yin hpe yu reng ai lam: Eutrophication byin wa na hpe tau hkrau sadi jaw ai lam
Shingra tara hka htung ni hpe makawp maga ai hta, total phosphorus hpe sawk sagawn ai jak ni gaw, eutrophication byin wa na hpe tau hkrau sadi jaw na matu "shawng lam" hku nna magam gun nga ai. Ga shadawn, Taihu hka hkin gau makau na mungdaw grup yin yu reng rung langai kaw nna hpaw tawn da ai online yu reng ai network gaw, 2023 ning hta cyanobacterial hkai sun byin wa na masa hpe tau hkrau sadi jaw ai lam hpe real-time data feedback hku nna awng dang ai hku shapraw lu ai, lawan ladan karum shingtau ai lam a matu ahkyak ai hkying hkum 72 hpe shim lum hkra galaw lu ai. Shi a jahpan hkrak ai lam (error 5% hta n-pu (sh) maren sha) hte ngang grin ai lam (drift) gaw nhtoi 30 ya tup matut manoi galaw ngut ai hpang 2% hta n-pu (sh) maren sha) ni gaw hka htung ni hpe hparan na matu hpaji masa hku nna npawt nhpang jaw ya nga ai.
2. Hka hpe jasan jaseng ai lam: Ladat ni hpe kaja dik htum galaw nna, Standard Discharge hpe lu la na matu
Hka n san seng ai hpe jasan jaseng ai hka htung ni gaw, jasan jaseng ai lam ni hpe n-gun ja ai hku gram lajang na matu, total phosphorus analyzer ni hpe kam hpa nga ai. Influent hta phosphorus n-gun rawng ai lam hpe sawk sagawn ai gaw, reagent a n-gun hpe lam madun ya ai, hka lim ai hpe chyam yu ai shaloi, "Mare kaba na hka n san seng ai hka hpe jasan jaseng ai shara kaw na n san seng ai hka hpe shapraw ai masat masa" (phosphorus yawng 0.5 mg/L) hpe grai hkan sa ai. Industrial wastewater hka hpe jasan jaseng ai jak langai mi hta, lawan ai hku jep chyoi ai jak hpe shapraw ngut ai hpang, htunghking ladat ni hpe lang nna hkying hkum 2 kaw nna minit 30 de shayawm nna, shani shagu sample galaw ai atsam hpe 200 de jat wa ai, n-gun atsam hpe 6 lang jat wa ai.
3. Hkai sun galaw shapraw ai lam: Non-point Source n san seng ai lam hpe pat shingdang ai lam
Hkai sun n-re-point source n san seng ai lam gaw hka htung ni hta phosphorus grai law hkra lawm ai lam a ahkyak ai lam langai rai nga ai. Total phosphorus analyzers ni gaw hka htung hka hte hka htung hka lim ai shara ni hta phosphorus nga ai hpe mu lu nna, hka htung galaw ai ni hpe nhprang dat bang ai hpe hkrak hkrak gram lajang lu hkra karum ya lu ai. Ga shadawn, dingdung hkaulan mam-hkai ai shara ni hta, hkaulan mam hka lim ai shara ni hta phosphorus yawng hpe yu reng ai (0.1 mg/L npu hta hkang zing da ai) gaw, hka hkin gau ni de phosphate nhprang dat law law n shang wa hkra pat shingdang ya nna, shingra tara hpe makawp maga ya lu ai hte nhprang dat jai lang ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya lu ai.
III. Hpaji masa: Kaji kajaw galaw ai lam hte -Parameter law law hpe hpawng de ai lam
Hkringmang daju gaw, grup yin hpe makawp maga na matu ra sharawng ai lam ni law wa ai hte maren, total phosphorus analyzers ni gaw, n-gun n law ai hku jai lang ai lam de rawt jat wa nga ai. Microfluidic chip hpaji masa gaw sensor size hpe centimeter madang de shayawm kau ya ai majaw, mahtai jaw ai lawan ai lam hpe htam 8 jat ya ai majaw, n yu n hkan sa ai lamu ga hpe yu reng na matu htuk manu wa sai. Dai hte maren, gat lawk gaw "parameter manga hpe hpawng de ai" de sa wa ai lam hpe madun dan nga ai, COD, ammonia nitrogen, hte total nitrogen zawn re ai masat kumla ni hpe hpawng de nna, hka a hkamja lam hpe jep joi ai lam hta ra kadawn ai lam law law hpe hkap la lu na matu. Data hku yu yang, Miwa mungdan a yawng phosphorus hpe yu reng ai arung arai ni a gat lawk gaw 2024 ning hta Yuan wan 3.8 du wa nna, 2027 ning hta Yuan wan 6.5 jan rai na re ngu sawn la ai, ndai gaw ndai hpaga lam a lawan ai rawt jat galu kaba wa ai atsam hpe madun dan ai.
Laboratory hta hkrak tup chyam dinglik ai kaw nna, hkai sun ni hta htawt sit mai ai hku yu reng ai du hkra, total phosphorus hka a hkamja lam hpe jep joi ai lam galaw ai ni gaw, hka shingra tara makawp maga lam hpe ngang kang hkra hpaji hparat hpe jai lang nga ai. Shanhte a hkrak tup ai jahpan ni hpe madi shadaw ai lam gaw, n san seng ai hpe hkang zing na matu dawdan ai lam- hpe jaw ya ai sha n-ga, "hka san seng ai, hka hkin gau hpraw ni, hka n htum ai shara ni hta nga ni hka lim ai" ngu ai shingra tara shingran hpe mung teng sha byin tai wa shangun ai.
